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Events from the year 1920 in Ireland. ==Events== *2 January - Irish Republican Army (IRA) volunteers of the 1st Cork Brigade (commanded by Mick Leahy) capture Carrigtwohill Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) barracks, the first such attack carried out as official Republican policy. *27 February - The text of the Home Rule Bill to be introduced in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom is published. It provides for the establishment of a 128-member parliament in Dublin and a 52-member parliament in Belfast. *10 March - The Ulster Unionist Council accepts the Government's plan for a Parliament of Northern Ireland. *20 March - The Sinn Féin Lord Mayor of Cork (since January), Tomás Mac Curtain, is murdered by armed and disguised RIC men who break into his home. *22 March - Thousands gather to pay their respects to the murdered Tomás Mac Curtain. Over 8,000 IRA Volunteers line the route to St. Finbarr's Cemetery. He is succeeded as Lord Mayor by Terence MacSwiney. *25 March - British recruits to the RIC begin to arrive in Ireland. They become known from their improvised uniforms as the "Black and Tans". *31 March - In the Second reading debate in the Parliament of the United Kingdom on the Government of Ireland Bill, Unionist leader Sir Edward Carson opposes the division of Ireland, seeing it as a betrayal of Unionists in the south and west.〔(Hansard debate 31 Mar 1920 )〕 *2 April - Canadian-born lawyer Sir Hamar Greenwood, Bt, PC, KC, MP, is appointed Chief Secretary for Ireland. *5 April - IRA prisoners began a hunger strike in Mountjoy Prison, Dublin, demanding prisoner of war status. *15 April–8 June - Arthur Griffith establishes a Republican legal system (under Austin Stack) in areas under IRA control.〔 The traditional Summer Assizes become virtually unworkable. *2 May - Viscount Fitzalan is sworn in as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, the first Catholic to hold the viceroyalty since the reign of King James II. *10 May - Forty Irish republican prisoners on hunger strike at Wormwood Scrubs are released. *17 May - Sinn Féin supporters and Unionists engage in pitched street battles in Derry. *20 May - Dublin dock workers refuse to handle British military material, and are soon joined in the boycott by members of the Irish Transport and General Workers Union. *22 May - In Rome, Pope Benedict XV beatifies Oliver Plunkett. *4 June - The IRA orders a boycott of the RIC and their families.〔 *17 June - "The Listowel Mutiny": RIC constables based at Listowel refuse orders to assist the British Army.〔 The RIC is ordered to shoot armed IRA men who do not surrender when challenged.〔 *20 June - Five die in severe rioting in Ulster. *24 June - Troops are sent to reinforce the Londonderry garrison. *29 June - Dáil Courts established to hear civil cases. *23 July - Fourteen die and one hundred are injured in fierce rioting in Belfast. *27 July - The first recruits – former British Army officers – join the RIC's Auxiliary Division.〔 *31 July - Bishop Daniel Mannix is detained onboard ship off Queenstown and prevented from landing in Ireland. *August - The Kingstown Urban District Council reverts to the town's historic name of Dún Laoghaire. *3 August - Catholic riots in Belfast in protest at the continuing British Army presence. *13 August - The Restoration of Order in Ireland Act receives Royal Assent, providing for Irish Republican Army activists to be tried by court-martial rather than by jury in criminal courts.〔 *15 August - The town hall at Templemore is burned down during the disturbances. *19 August - Following his conviction by court martial for sedition, the Lord Mayor of Cork, Terence MacSwiney, goes on hunger strike in Brixton Prison. *24 August - Special Constables are enrolled following rioting in Ulster.〔 *20 September - "Sack of Balbriggan" in County Dublin: "Black and Tans" destroy more than fifty properties in the town. *28 September - There are disturbances at Mallow, County Cork, when a raid on a military barracks by Liam Lynch and Ernie O'Malley is followed by a sack of the town by British soldiers. *22 October - Formation of the Ulster Special Constabulary, an armed (and predominantly Protestant) police reserve, is announced. *25 October - Terence MacSwiney, Lord Mayor of Cork, dies in Brixton Prison on the 74th day of his hunger strike.〔 *31 October - Terence MacSwiney is buried in St. Finbarr's Cemetery in his native Cork City. Arthur Griffith delivers the graveside oration. *1 November - An 18-year-old medical student, Kevin Barry, is executed in Mountjoy Prison for participating in the killing of three young unarmed British soldiers.〔 *12 November - A hunger strike in Cork Prison is called off after the Sinn Féin President, Arthur Griffith, intervenes. *21 November - Bloody Sunday: The Irish Republican Army, on the instructions of Michael Collins, shoot dead the "Cairo gang", fourteen British undercover agents in Dublin, most in their homes. Later that day in retaliation the Auxiliary Division of the Royal Irish Constabulary open fire on a crowd at a Gaelic Athletic Association Football match in Croke Park, killing thirteen spectators and one player and wounding 60.〔 Three men are shot this night in Dublin Castle "while trying to escape". *22 November - IRA Captain Patrick McCarthy is shot dead during ambush on Black and Tans at Millstreet *28 November - Kilmichael Ambush: The flying column of the 3rd Cork Brigade IRA, led by Tom Barry, ambushes two lorries carrying Auxiliaries at Kilmichael, County Cork, killing seventeen (with three of its men also dying), which leads to official reprisals.〔 *10 December - Martial law is declared in Counties Cork, Kerry, Limerick and Tipperary.〔 *11 December - The Burning of Cork: British forces set fire to some of the centre of Cork (city), including the City Hall, in reprisal attacks after a British auxiliary is killed in a guerilla ambush. *23 December〔 * *Government of Ireland Act 1920, passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom, receives Royal Assent from George V providing for the partition of Ireland into Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland with separate parliaments, granting a measure of home rule. * *Éamon de Valera returns from attempting to secure support from the United States for the Irish Republic. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「1920 in Ireland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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